Compare Macau (2002) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)

Compare Macau (2002) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)

	Macau (2002)	Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (special administrative region of China)	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure	0-14 years: 21.8% (male 52,262; female 48,439) 15-64 years: 70.9% (male 154,942; female 172,647) 65 years and over: 7.3% (male 13,616; female 19,927) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 35.9% (male 19,726/female 19,011) 15-64 years: 61.2% (male 32,891/female 33,071) 65 years and over: 2.9% (male 1,379/female 1,784) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	rice, vegetables	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca), sakau (kava), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens; fish
Airports	1 (2001)	6 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2007)
Area	total: 25.4 sq km land: 25.4 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
Area - comparative	about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC	four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background	Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs.	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2004. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate	12.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	24.14 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $1.15 billion expenditures: $1.03 billion, including capital expenditures of $166 million (2000 est.)	revenues: $127.3 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $144.2 million (FY05 est.)
Capital	-	name: Palikir geographic coordinates: 6 55 N, 158 09 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline	41 km	6,112 km
Constitution	Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"	10 May 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none local long form: Federated States of Micronesia local short form: none former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts abbreviation: FSM
Currency	pataca (MOP)	-
Death rate	3.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	4.66 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$1.5 billion (1998)	$60.8 million (FY05 est.)
Dependency status	special administrative region of China	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong	chief of mission: Ambassador Miriam K. HUGHES embassy: 101 Upper Pics Road, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (special administrative region of China)	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$106.4 million note: under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001; the level of aid has been subsequently reduced (2005)
Economy - overview	Macau's economy two years after reversion to China remains one of the most open in the world, according to the World Trade Organization. The government collects no duty on imports and sets no restrictions on exports beyond those required by international agreements. The territory's net exports of goods and services account for 35% of GDP, with tourism and apparel exports as the mainstays. The territory therefore has been hit hard by the 2001 downturn in its key US and EU export markets. Tourism remained strong, however, driven by a surge in visitors from mainland China. In response to the expected contraction of the economy in 2002, the government has announced a stimulative income tax cut and public works program that will push the budget into deficit. China already has extended support by easing restrictions on travel to Macau and is proposing a China-Hong Kong-Macau free trade area. China's economic weight is increasingly felt, with the mainland now holding more than 50% of assets in the financial, real estate, and construction sectors. Mainlanders, however, have been excluded from bidding on the gambling industry licenses that Macau is offering to break up the territory's four-decade-old gambling monopoly. Gambling taxes account for up to 60% of revenue, and the government with Beijing's backing intends to revitalize the industry.	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. The Amended Compact of Free Association with the US guarantees the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) millions of dollars in annual aid through 2023, and establishes a Trust Fund into which the US and the FSM make annual contributions in order to provide annual payouts to the FSM in perpetuity after 2023. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the current slow growth of the private sector.
Electricity - consumption	1.476 billion kWh (2000)	178.6 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	1 million kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	175 million kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	1.4 billion kWh (2000)	192 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues	NA	overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other	Chuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2002), 8.034 (2001), 8.026 (2000), 7.992 (1999), 7.979 (1998), 7.975 (1997); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993) head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen elections: chief executive chosen by a 200-member selection committee for up to two five-year terms	chief of state: President Emmanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (11 May 2007) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Emmanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (11 May 2007) cabinet: Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the eight executive departments elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2007 (next to be held May 2011); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Emmanuel MORI elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA; Alik L. ALIK elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA
Exports	$2.5 billion f.o.b. (2000)	$14 million (f.o.b.) (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities	clothing, textiles, cement, electronics, cameras	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper, sakau (kava), betel nut
Exports - partners	US 48%, EU 28%, China 10%, Hong Kong 7% (2000)	Japan, US, Guam (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP	purchasing power parity - $8 billion (2001 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 25% services: 74% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 28.9% industry: 15.2% services: 55.9% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $17,600 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	0.5% (2001 est.)	0.3% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	22 10 N, 113 33 E	6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note	essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland	four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Highways	total: 50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	major consumer of cannabis
Imports	$2.3 billion c.i.f. (2000)	$132.7 million f.o.b. (2004)
Imports - commodities	clothing, textiles, yarn, minerals, electrical machinery, fuel, livestock	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners	China 41%, Hong Kong 15%, EU 10%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 6% (2000)	US, Japan, Hong Kong (2006)
Independence	none (special administrative region of China)	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys	tourism, construction; fish processing, specialized aquaculture; craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate	4.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 28.15 deaths/1,000 live births male: 31.08 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-2% (2001 est.)	2.2% (2005)
International organization participation	CCC, ESCAP (associate), IHO, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO	ACP, ADB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region	Supreme Court
Labor force	218,000 (2001)	37,410 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 20%, other services and agriculture 54% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 0.9% industry: 34.4% services: 64.7% note: two-thirds are government employees (FY05 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 0.34 km border countries: China 0.34 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: "green areas" represent 22.4% (1998 est.)	arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (2005)
Languages	Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese)	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system	based on Portuguese civil law system	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (27 seats; 10 elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 23 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats by political bloc - Entertainment Industry 3, pro-democracy 2, pro-Beijing Labor Union 2, pro-Beijing Neighborhood Association 2, pro-business 1	unicameral Congress (14 seats; 4 - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms; members elected by popular vote) elections: last held 6 March 2007 (next to be held in March 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 81.78 years male: 78.97 years female: 84.73 years (2002 est.)	total population: 70.35 years male: 68.52 years female: 72.28 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90% male: 93% female: 86% (1981 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location	Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references	Southeast Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	not specified	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 3 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,560 GRT/2,060 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2 (2007)
Military - note	responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999; there is a local police force	no regular military forces (2007)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 128,005 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 70,508 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality	noun: Chinese adjective: Chinese	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards	typhoons	typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources	NEGL	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate
Net migration rate	9.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-21.02 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	there are no formal political parties, however, there are civic associations that, for purposes of legislative voting, join together to form political blocs	no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader]	-
Population	461,833 (July 2002 est.)	107,862 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	26.7% (2000)
Population growth rate	1.75% (2002 est.)	-0.154% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Macau	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios	160,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.)	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%, other 3%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	NA (2007 est.)
Suffrage	direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services domestic: NA international: HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap international: country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	176,902 (November 2001)	12,400 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	158,251 (November 2001)	14,100 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997)	3 (cable TV also available) (2004)
Terrain	generally flat	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Total fertility rate	1.31 children born/woman (2002 est.)	3.07 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	6.5% (2001 est.)	22% (2000 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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